sub read_bytes_to_array {
  my $filename = shift;

  open my $fh, '<', $filename or die "$filename: $!\n";
  binmode $fh;

  local $/ = \1;
  my @bytes = <$fh>;

  close $fh;

  return @bytes;
}

read_bytes_to_array( 'meine_datei.txt' );