use Data::Dumper;
while (<DATA>) {
    my ($name, $date, $rest) = split /\s+(\d{4})\s+/, $_, 3;
    my @rest = split ' ', $rest;
    print Dumper [$name, $date, @rest];
}
__DATA__
Name1 2005 5 112 165 198 287 814.7 910
Name2, W. 2005 4 127 162 193 279 314 430
Name3 Vorname 2006 8 110 192 282 314.3 870