#!/usr/bin/perl
# vim: set ts=4 sw=4 et sta:
use strict;
use warnings;

my %hash = ();

open my $etc_passwd, "/etc/passwd" or die "open /etc/passwd: $!\n";


while ( my $line = <$etc_passwd> ) {
    chomp $line;

    my ( $user, @rest ) = split(/:/, $line );

    # Hash of Array (HoA)
    $hash{$user} = \@rest;

}

close $etc_passwd or die "close /etc/passwd: $!\n";


for my $user  ( keys %hash  ) {

    # HoA dereferenzieren
    my @data = @{ $hash{$user} };
    # zugriff auf den Daten-Array des Users $user
    print "$user : @data", $/;
}