#!perl -w
use strict;
use warnings;

my @vorname;
my $vorname;
$vorname[0]= "Markus";
$vorname[1]= "Fritz";
$vorname[2]= "Otto";

my @liste;
my $liste;
$liste[0]= "Fritz";
$liste[1]= "Otto";
$liste[2]= "Fritz";
$liste[3]= "Josef";

my $zaehler = 0;

foreach (@vorname) {
         if ("@liste" =~ "$_")  {
         print "Der Vorname <<< $_ >>> ist vorhanden\n";
         }
         else   {
         print "Der Vorname <<< $_ >>> ist nicht vorhanden\n";
         }
  }

use 5.010;
use strict;
use warnings;

my @names = qw/Markus Fritz Otto/;

my @candidates = <>;
chomp @candidates;

foreach my $name (@names) {
  my $count = scalar grep /\Q$name\E/, @candidates;
  say "'$name' encountered $count times";
}

for my $name (@vorname) {
        my $anz = grep{ $_ eq $name } @liste;
         if ( $anz ){
             print "Der Vorname <<< $name >>> ist $anz Mal vorhanden\n";
         }
         else   {
             print "Der Vorname <<< $name >>> ist nicht vorhanden\n";
         }
  }

use Data::Dumper;
my @vorname = qw/ Markus Fritz Otto /;
my @list = qw/ Fritz Otto Fritz Josef /;
my %treffer;
my $re = join "|", @vorname;
for my $entry (@list) {
    if ($entry =~ m/^($re)\Z/) {
        $treffer{$1}++;
    }
}
print Dumper \%treffer;