my $string = '1-3 5 8 9-10';
my @array;
while ( $string =~ /(\d+(?:-\d+)?)/g ) {
    my ($start,$ende) = split /-/, $1;
    
    if ( $ende ) {
        push @array, $start .. $ende;
    }
    else {
        push @array, $start;
    }
}

print join "::", @array;

my @ranges = map {
    $_->[0] .. $_->[1]
} map {
    my ($x, $y) = split /-/, $_;
    $y //= $x; # in perl < 5.10 muss es lauten: $y = $x unless defined $y;
    [$x,$y]
} split / /, $_;
print "Zahlen: @ranges\n";

my $eingabe = '1-3 5 8 9-10';
my @a = split(m/[-\s]/, $eingabe);
print join(', ', @a);